Skip to main content

Thought for the Day: Consensus By Greater Majority Beats Consensus By Sharper Majority

I closed my Facebook account yesterday. I had very little reason for it in the first place, mostly as a venue to distribute TftD sort of passively-aggressively. However, two things tilted the scales in favor of breaking off relations; both regarding the reaction I saw to the horrifying events in Pittsburgh this last Shabbos, May HaShem extract vengeance for the innocent victims. One reaction was people barely referencing the event itself, but using the opportunity of a juicy news story to further their political agenda. Folks from all ends of the political spectrum (unfortunately, in America today politics only has "ends" with no meeting ground for meaningful discussion) used the event that way. I was sickened by that. I also, though, saw that a rav had posted a video of another rav commenting on the event. The posting rav strongly disagreed with the message in the video, which he stated while still keeping a respectful and professional demeanor. A comment on the post, though, was thoroughly disgraceful and insulting. That just saddened me. Deleting my Facebook account, on the other hand, caused my no distress whatsoever.

How do Jews argue and disagree? On daf 59b in Bava Metzia is the famous argument between R' Eliezer and the Sages about a certain kind of oven. R' Eliezer brought all the proofs to his opinion that he could; that Sages did not budge. R' Eliezer then wrought three miraculous events; the Sages replied that miracles are one thing, halacha is another. Finally, R' Eliezer asked that Heaven itself declare that he is correct. A בת קול/Divine utterance declared Heaven's agreement with R' Eliezer. The Sages replied: The Torah itself tells us that we may not pay no attention to a בת קול/Divine utterance in matters of halacha (D'varim 30:12) Moreover, the Torah that was already given to us from Har Sinai informed us that the halacha follows the majority. (Shmos 23:2) End of argument.

Interestingly, though, there is another gemara (Yevamos 14a) that says we decide halacha in accordance with the opinion of Beis Hillel and not Beis Shammai. Why? Precisely because of a בת קול/Divine utterance that informed us of that. Tosafos (first one on Bava Metzia 59b) explains that the situations are quite different. In the case of the argument about the oven there was simple majority that held one position in halacha and an individual who disagreed. The halacha in clear cut in that case. In the dispute between Beis Hillel and Beis Shammai, on the other hand, we have a difference in opinion of two schools of thought; both of whom came to their conclusions based on the rule that the halacha follows the majority. However, in a dispute between two academies, the question was whether to follow the larger academy or the sharper ("smarter", if you will) academy. There was no disagreement about which academy had a larger membership; nor was there any disagreement about which academy was sharper. The only question was which holds sway: size or depth? For that a בת קול/Divine utterance was needed.

Differences of opinions are inevitable and, in fact, desirable -- no, scratch that, differences of opinion are essential to find the Truth. Regardless of the strength of one's convictions and the chasm between the positions, though, there is never a place for disrespect nor disdain.

Comments

Popular posts from this blog

Thought for the Day: Pizza, Uncrustables, and Stuff -- What Bracha?

Many years ago (in fact, more than two decades ago), I called R' Fuerst from my desk at work as I sat down to lunch.  I had a piece of (quite delicious) homemade pizza for lunch.  I nearly always eat at my desk as I am working (or writing TftD...), so my lunch at work cannot in any way be considered as sitting down to a formal meal; aka קביעת סעודה.  That being the case, I wasn't sure whether to wash, say ha'motzi, and bentch; or was the pizza downgraded to a m'zonos.  He told if it was a snack, then it's m'zonos; if a meal the ha'motzi.  Which what I have always done since then.  I recently found out how/why that works. The Shulchan Aruch, 168:17 discusses פשטיד''א, which is describes as a baked dough with meat or fish or cheese.  In other words: pizza.  Note: while the dough doesn't not need to be baked together with the meat/fish/cheese, it is  required that they dough was baked with the intention of making this concoction. ...

Thought for the Day: What Category of Muktzeh are Our Candles?

As discussed in a recent TftD , a p'sak halacha quite surprising to many, that one may -- even לכתחילה -- decorate a birthday cake with (unlit, obviously) birthday candles on Shabbos. That p'sak is predicated on another p'sak halacha; namely, that our candles are muktzeh because they are a כלי שמלאכתו לאיסור and not  מוקצה מחמת גופו/intrinsically set aside from any use on Shabbos. They point there was that using the candle as a decoration qualifies as a need that allows one to utilize a כלי שמלאכתו לאיסור. Today we will discuss the issue of concluding that our candles are , in fact, a כלי שמלאכתו לאיסור and not מוקצה מחמת גופו. Along the way we'll also (again) how important it is to have personal relationship with your rav/posek, the importance of precision in vocabulary, and how to interpret the Mishna Brura.  Buckle up. After reviewing siman 308 and the Mishna Brura there, I concluded that it should be permissible to use birthday candles to decorate a cake on Sha...

Thought for the Day: אוושא מילתא Debases Yours Shabbos

My granddaughter came home with a list the girls and phone numbers in her first grade class.  It was cute because they had made it an arts and crafts project by pasting the list to piece of construction paper cut out to look like an old desk phone and a receiver attached by a pipe cleaner.  I realized, though, that the cuteness was entirely lost on her.  She, of course, has never seen a desk phone with a receiver.  When they pretend to talk on the phone, it is on any relatively flat, rectangular object they find.  (In fact, her 18 month old brother turns every  relatively flat, rectangular object into a phone and walks around babbling into it.  Not much different than the rest of us, except his train of thought is not interrupted by someone else babbling into his ear.) I was reminded of that when my chavrusa (who has children my grandchildrens age) and I were learning about אוושא מילתא.  It came up because of a quote from the Shulchan Aru...