Michael el Chayil

Baruch HaShem, I had some very interesting jobs over my half century in the workplace. There was really only one place I worked that I detested. Rather than tell you several examples of how bad it was, I'll just tell you about interactions with two of my managers. My then manager started the review with: Michael, I don't think we got our money's worth from you this year. (To be fair -- not  that I have any obligation to be fair -- he was a fundamentalist Christian with whom I had just had a conversation about Judaism and Christianity. Obviously that conversation did not go well for him and he was likely still stinging. He therefore did the good Christian thing and decided to get back at me from his position of authority over me. I had another manager who told me it was arrogant of me to give reasons for my opinions. Fun times. The root cause, though, of my revulsion to working there was that it was a company that provides advice to companies about how best to market their p...

I heard that R' Moshe Feinstein, z''tzl, was concerned about getting a pacemaker. Why? Because he was concerned that it would be considered a מום/defect that would render him unfit to be a member of the Sanhedrin that will be appointed after the arrival of the Mashiach, may he arrive soon and in our lifetime. I had a couple of questions. First, was that story true? If it was, then how could R' Moshe, as great as he was, hope to get on the coveted 70 (maybe 71) appointments? I mean, R' Moshe would be in competition with Acharonim, Rishonim, Amaraim, Tannaim, Ishei Tanach; even the Avos! There is only one address for questions such as that in Chicago: R' Fuerst. I told R' Fuerst I had heard that story about R' Moshe and the pacemaker. The dayan responded, "I have also heard that story." I really love R' Fuerst. After a short pause, the dayan told me he has one proof it might be true, and another that it might be false. Why might it be true? O...

You know about the guy who went to buy a couple of new pairs of socks and ended up with new shoes, three new shirts, two ties, a new suit, besides the socks? The pants looked a little shabby with the new socks, you can't just buy suit pants, obviously you'll need updated ties, and who doesn't always need new shirts? (That's not me, by the way. I am the guy who sees the price of socks and figures he can get a bit more wear out of his current wardrobe.) I feel that way, though, regarding my efforts to just have a relaxing drink on Shabbos between the fish and the meat. At least we are finally done, right? I mean, after the segue from a vegetable peeler and then an investigation into Shprintze's cholent and פסיק רישא , what else is there to say? Well... I arrived at shul for mincha/ma'ariv a few minutes early yesterday and just as I was opening the door, who should drive up, but the dayan himself. Of course I respectfully waited, held the door for the dayan, and a...

In a recent TftD , I wrote about the importance of having a close relationship with a rav, focusing on the fact that even today there are things you just can't get from s'farim alone. A real, personal connection to a rav is key to becoming a ben Torah. Along the way, I mentioned an open question I have concerning how I like to drink my scotch. Of course the scotch preparation got the most response 😎 To save you following a link, here is the basic issue: One takes a sliver of citrus rind, twists it to squeeze out some of the fragrant oils, then drops it into the glass on top of the ice/drink. It is not being used to flavor the scotch, only the fragrance from the aromatic oils of the citrus peel mixes with that of the scotch, and that wafts over my mouth and enters my nose as a prelude and enhancement to the drink. Is it permitted to twist the rind on Shabbos? It is by hand and for immediate use, as it just doesn't have the same appeal (of course pun intended) if done earli...

Several months ago, I asked R' Fuerst a question he had not gotten before. Honestly, just that should be enough for a TftD. I mean, how often does that happen? Here's the idea: I like to drink my scotch with a twist. That means you take a sliver of citrus rind (usually lemon, but lime, orange, and even tangerine will do in a pinch), twist it to squeeze out some of the fragrant oils, then drop it in the drink. I also like my scotch with a splash of seltzer; usually neat, but sometimes with ice. The question is: can I do that on Shabbos? I am not using it to flavor the scotch, just so the fragrance from the aromatic oils of the citrus peel mixes with that of the scotch, and that wafts over my mouth and enters my nose as a prelude and enhancement to the drink. Anyway... the question is/was: am I permitted to twist the rind on Shabbos? It is by hand and for immediate use, as it just doesn't have the same appeal (of course pun intended) if done earlier. I want the extracted arom...

The Torah juxtaposes the commandment to build the Mishkan with the prohibition to violate Shabbos. This is the source, Chazal tell us, for us to know precisely what malachos would be a violation of Shabbos. Since the Torah was compelled to warn us about Shabbos violation when we were being encouraged to build the Mishkan, the essential activities involved with the Mishkan must be the activities by which one would violate Shabbos. As we all know, there are 39 categories of such labor. There is a nice philosophical point that the observance of Shabbos -- something relevant to each and every Jew in each and every Jewish home, week and and week out -- apparently can bring us to the same level of closeness to HaShem as the holy work done by priestly caste in HaShem's own abode, so to speak, here on earth. That is one of the beauties of Torah observance: Obviously Klal Yisrael attains lofty spiritual heights by the service done by the kohein gadol in the Holy of Holies on Yom Kippur. But...

I plan to have a drink tonight to celebrate. Today was, so far, my single more successful day in kollel since joining a year ago Pesach. I could tell that you that I was able to help one of the yungaleit understand a gemara and the different ways that Rashi and the M'iri explain it. I was able to help because I have a deep knowledge of optics, trigonometry, and history of science and technology. That wasn't it, though. That was just icing on the cake. Fun to share at dinner (and here), but not worth a toast. So... a few weeks ago, I started learning the 11th perek of masechta Shabbos, הזורק/throwing, because it is the wraps up the discussion of הוצאה/transfer out of one domain to another that was started with the first mishna of the entire tractate. I was intrigued by the first question the gemara asked on the first mishna of the perek. I wrote a couple of TtfDs on it, Why and When a Scriptural Source is Needed for הוצאה , and Why הוצאה Has תולדות . If you are paying much clos...

I got a degree in physics because I wanted to understand reality in a deep and fundamental way. That, of course, led me to the Torah. Along the way, though, physics was a really good stepping stone. I never looked at graduate school as "advanced trade school".  That is, as much as my mother -- she should rest in peace -- was disappointed that I didn't "use my degree", I felt that I got exactly what I wanted from my degree; namely, confirmation from experts in the field that I had properly learned and understood the subject matter. Nonetheless, my plan had been to follow the traditional course of a postdoc or two followed by a tenure track position at a university teaching and doing research in theoretical physics. HaShem had a different plan; Baruch HaShem. Even more Baruch HaShem, I listened. Still... I have always wanted to teach physics, but I had to feed my family and pay tuition, so I opted for the much more lucrative field of programming. Now that I have g...

Bilaam was no simple person. He had a level of prophecy that in some way exceeded even that of Moshe Rabeinu. (The Torah tells us that there was never a Jewish prophet whose level rivaled Moshe, but a goy -- that is, Bilaam -- had that level of prophecy.) Chazal tell us (Rashi on Bamidbar 22:5) that HaShem infused Bilaam with such an exalted level of prophecy in order to ensure that the goyim could never, ever complain that if they had had prophets like Klal Yisrael did, they would have also been good. Umm.... really? If the goyim would even think to complain that they were not afforded the same opportunities for inspiration that Klal Yisrael had, that they didn't have a Moshe Rabeinu, then HaShem can reply, "Well, you had Bilaam."  That is going to work? Moshe, the most humble of all men. Moshe, who wouldn't even use a donkey that belonged to the community to bring his own family back. Bilaam, who was (ahem) "married" to his donkey. Bilaam, who demanded an ...

As related in this TftD , I am now really living. After making a siyum on my first masechta (Brachos, of course, you know me... boring; I just go in order), I asked my rebbi, R' Dovid Siegal, shlita, whether to go on to the next masechta or to review. He, characteristically and to no real surprise to me, answered simply, "yes". I am now dividing my time between moving forward on my first pass through Shabbos and moving forward on my second pass through Brachos. I decided on my second pass through Brachos, to follow the development of the halacha through the centuries. The first daf of Brachos is by and large concerned with when one is able to say krias Shema in the evening. I learned the daf with Rashi, the Rosh, and Piskei HaRosh -- which are the essential halachic conclusions of the gemara, authored by the son of the Rosh himself; so quite authoritative. Now... the son of the Rosh organized all those halachos into four sections: (1) Laws of Daily Living, (2) Torts, (3) ...

My father, of blessed memory, was a very good parent. (I told him that once when I was a teenager. He was really touched. I was surprised he didn't just know that. Now that I am a parent, I know why.) One thing that made him a good parent was that he never made empty threats. He never, ever, even once threatened to kill any of us, no matter how egregious our sin. He would  however, in a very calm and measured tone (making it all the more terrifying) threaten to break our arm. I used to think to myself, "Well... he does have medical insurance, and he looks pretty serious." So I would desist. The Torah gives us two ways to create our own restrictions on ourselves. One can create an new Torah  prohibition by making either a נֶדֶר/vow or a שְׁבוּעָה/oath. They are very similar, but there are some technical differences. The one outstanding difference is that it is a Torah prohibition to make and empty/meaningless שְׁבוּעָה, whereas taking an empty/meaningless נֶדֶר i...

A recent TftD discussed an incredible Radak on T'hillim (145:17) regarding the behavior of predators. The main point is summed up with this line: The lion isn't getting hungry and then looking to kill an animal to fulfill his desire, rather the animal's time to die has arrived, so the lion gets hungry so he can fulfill the Desire of HaShem. I was/am quite amazed by this Radak and was socializing it this morning in kollel. In particular, I was proposing that therefore, lions are not violent and the sheep they eat are not fearful; they are just doing what they are programmed to do. One the yungaleit took exception, and told me: They are doing what animals do, and that includes predators being violent and their prey feeling fear. So began a very animated and fruitful discussion. Which, in fact, is why I love learning in kollel. These are young men who have dedicated their lives to learning Torah. I am both humbled and delighted that they take the time to help me get on the ri...

I signed up for a psychology class once. I learned three things. First, I learned that the unit of measure for a psychology class is the JND -- just noticeable difference. So for example, while black and brown shoes will definitely have a different internal temperature for a given ambient temperature, humidity, exposure to direct sunlight, etc... that difference is less than 1 JND. (No, not 1.0; JNDs are atomic, sort of). Second, I learned that we would be tested on material in the assigned reading that would never be covered in lecture. Throughout my entire college career, I never read a textbook; I just attended lectures and worked out the problems to learn the material. So I dropped the course. Before I dropped, though, I actually learned one very cool concept that I later found discussed by our sages over the last few centuries (Rishonim and Acharonim). Namely, that all we can really observe is correlation; two events that always occur together under certain conditions. Cause and e...

Note: All references to simanim in Shulchan Aruch are in Orach Chaim. What is happening when you are davening? The Shulchan Aruch (98:1) says that you should just concentrate on the plain meaning of the words that are coming out of your mouth. Consider yourself to be standing in the Divine Presence and remove all extraneous thoughts from your mind so that your prayer should be pure. Keep in mind how carefully you would arrange your words if you were standing before a powerful earthly leader. (98:3) Express your prayers as someone who is destitute and has an audience with someone who has the ability to give you everything you need; this is not a bother, but an incredible opportunity. I have a little experience with this. I once worked as the radiation physicist in a hospital that had very antiquated treatment planning facilities. I was granted a 15 minute appointment with the president/CEO/head honcho of the hospital to explain the need and give my recommendation for how to rebuild the ...

In the fall 1993, we had decided that we needed to leave Dallas and move to a Jewish community that was more established. In particular, we needed a Beis Yaakov. (We didn't actually know that term yet, but that is actually what we had in mind.) We were newly Torah observant, and the idea of sending our daughters out of town for high school was not a scenario that was in our mindset at all. We had already rejected California (we were from that and wanted to remain from there) and New York (my father's family had left New  York and always talked about how everyone left in New York envied them). We had been to a chasuna in Chicago and spent a Shabbos here. On Shabbos afternoon my wife saw all the girls going to Shabbos groups; the decision was made. All that remained was finding a job. Baruch HaShem, I had a good friend who had recently moved to Chicago and he was able to help me get an interview at Motorola. I spoke to the hiring manager over the phone (dude... long  before Zoom...

A  TftD went out a few days ago that resulted in some backlash. I got some feedback questioning the propriety of including a certain story. I decided to ask my direct readership (those who get the emails, not those who read the blog) their opinion. I sent out the following survey: Please choose one of the following options: Please remove me from your mailing list. Please remove that story from your blog and get a better system for vetting stories/incidents that might be too edgy. Please put a warning/disclaimer in future emails and on the blog. No worries, I am fine with the email and the post. First, I got a nearly 40%  response rate, which is excellent in the world of online surveys! (That is likely due, in part, to my diligence in keeping my email distribution list to only those actually interested.) The results are in: Average of responses: 3.8. I have therefore left the story in the blog, but added some context: Why is that funny? Substitute "teenager" or "cele...

In my efforts to learn Spanish -- and actually speak to real, live, native Spanish speakers who often do not speak English -- I have had to explain what I meant by "keeping Shabbos." I came up with this answer: The short answer is this: The Jewish people received and accepted the Torah from the Creator. The Torah contains instructions on how to live life. Among these are instructions for Shabbos, with which we can transform an ordinary Saturday into the holy Shabbos, a foretaste of the World to Come. As I was mulling over how to capture the essence of what Shabbos observance means, I had an insight about something that has bothered me for years. Everyone who has anything to do with קירוב רחוקים/bringing Jews back to Torah observance, will tell you that getting them a taste of Shabbos is key. Anyone with a brain in their head who has truly experienced Shabbos can testify to the veracity of that statement. I have asked the dayan, R' Fuerst, shlita, about having people for a...

Many, many years ago -- when network TV was more or less still kosher -- Johnny Carson had a centenarian (a person who has reached the age of 100 years or older) as a guest. The guest mentioned that he had a lady friend. Johnny Carson looked surprised and said, "Oh, for companionship?" The guest answered, "Yes, that too." Obvious laughter, cut to commercial. Why is that funny? Substitute "teenager" or "celebrity" for "centenarian" and the whole interview never would have happened. That "joke" for them is simply that they expect that a centenarian is, nebbich, too old to have any fun in life. He is proud to report that he is just as disgraceful a human being as he ever was. We know differently. Chazal know full well the challenges that we face our entire lives. I first discovered this when learning masechta Kiddushin, which relates a frightening and inspiring challenge that Rav Amram Chasida/The Pious One faced and triumphed. (...

It is always tricky to translate from one language to another, especially languages as different from each other as English and Hebrew. Take the words אבות  and תולדות, for example. In the context of familial relations, they would be translated as "ancestors" and "chronicles/history". In the context of Shabbos, though, they mean more like "categories" and "constituents". Interestingly, the name given to each category of מלאכה seems to be just one of the constituents. So much so, that they gemara brings a two different ways to determine whether a particular מלאכה is an אב or a תולדה. Speaking of fathers and categories, I can't help but repeat one of my father's favorite jokes about racism:  A row broke out on a bus in the old south during the 50s (middle of last century).  The fight was over who could sit where.  The bus driver we fed up and declared, "No more fighting! This is ridiculous!  There is no white, there is no black; every...

I am trying something new. I have always learned everything by starting at the beginning and just moving through. After all, the author knows what they want to convey and what they believe is the best way to do that. It strikes me as the height of arrogance to think I know better than the creator before I have even started!  (And I am an expert on arrogance; if I do say so myself.) But now I am in kollel, so time to start learning like a kollel man. I started Shabbos (it is the next masechta after Brachos, after all), which begins by discussing הוצאה/carrying things out and in. The topic of הוצאה is discussed in through 9a, then veers to another topic. הוצאה is picked up again on 96a for a few daf. I was told that when the kollel learned this a few years ago, they learned all of הוצאה together. And Lakewood is now learning הוצאה and that is how they are doing it. Ok, at this point, if I were to learn it in order, that  would be the height of arrogance. So last week I skip...

Never heard the term "DMC"? It means "deep meaningful conversation". The first time I heard the term was from the daughter of a neighbor and close friend who had come back from seminary and was struggling with shidduchim. She had (and still has) a very close relationship with her mother. I saw her one afternoon and she had a particularly thoughtful look on her face. I asked her about it, and she told me, with a very sincere smile, that she and her mother had just had a DMC. (She has since married to a wonderful young man. Baruch HaShem, our families are still closer despite the years and distance.) This week's parasha begins with the Jewish nation on the verge of entering the promised land, then details how their bad decisions earned them 40 years of exile in the desert, and finishes with the mitzvah of ציצית. The very last verse of this parasha ends (in translation): I am HaShem, your G-d Who took you out of the land of Mitzrayim to be for you your G-d; I am Ha...

In a recent TftD , which was really about why we got the Torah (Go Team Klal Yisrael!), I mentioned that it is simply logical to not eat the limb of a living animal. After all, besides fish eating live fish and small reptiles/amphibians eating live bugs, animals kill their prey before eating it. Here is what Gemini says about it: So, while the image of a predator instantly killing its prey might not always be precisely accurate in every second of a hunt, the overwhelming preference and typical strategy for large land animals is to kill their prey as efficiently as possible to minimize risk and ensure a successful meal. As my daughter told me recently, I have found my people... I love learning in kollel in the morning and they more than put up with my presence. I often share ideas when getting coffee and/or passing each other outside beis medrash. (Inside beis medrash everyone is constantly busy!) It is a great environment for me because I have a huge pet peeve; I hate being wrong. In t...

I had the incredible opportunity to write a letter in a sefer Torah. I started the day learning and davening, then went to shiur by R' Fuerst, shilta, then to the mikveh, then to write the letter. What letter did I have the zchus to write in a sefer Torah that was dedicated to the memory of Mr. Rudy Tessler, ztz''l, a holocaust survivor whom I am very proud to have personally known (and behind whom I davened for years)? We'll get to that.... Writing a sefer Torah is one of the 613 mitzvos. The Rosh (brought in Shulchan Aruch, Yoreh Deah 270:2; see Shach and Taz there) says that we can fulfill that mitzvah by buying s'farim and learning them. I have done that and do that and hope to continue doing that for as long as HaShem grants me the ability to do so. Still, even if that is 100%, first class way to fulfill that mitzvah, you can't possibly compare that to the coolness factor of actually taking quill to parchment. One thing, though. There are a few requirements...

I was not popular in college. Some reasons are still evident five decades later, others are no longer relevant. In any case, one day I finally mustered the courage to ask out a freshman (I was a junior and still younger than her; one of the reasons I was not popular). In a moment of weakness, she said yes. She regained her sensibilities before I picked her up, so when I arrived she told me she had an exam to study for, and so had to cancel our date. She felt badly enough to invite me in for some popcorn before shooing me off. I wasn't so dense as to be oblivious to what just happened, but I had no better option, so I took her up on it. I wasn't there for more than 15 or so minutes. She asked me why I chose to be a physics major. I struggled to explain, and then said, "I mean, haven't you ever wondered why the sky is blue?" She got a puzzled look on her face and said, "No." I don't know if there is a punctuation mark for her tone. Kind of a mixture of...