Skip to main content

Thought for the Day: Breadth and Boundaries of Rabbinic Decrees

Rabbinic g'zeiros/fences often times seem eminently sensible.  Take muktza, for instance.  (Well, don't actually take it if you happen to have printed this out and are reading on Shabbos.  If you didn't print this out but are reading it on a computer on Shabbos; please stop now.)  If you don't even pick up a hammer (muktza, d'rabbanan), then you won't accidentally whack a nail and finish that bookcase (d'oraisa; yikes!).  In situations where you are allowed to pick up a hammer (you need the place where it is resting, or you need to crack some nuts), you will have already realized that you are in a safety zone and will take appropriate cautions.  That's similar to having guardrail on the walkway at the edge of the Grand Canyon.  (Important Aside: The chance you are taking by of recklessly transgressing a rabbinic decree and risking transgressing a Torah decree -- having eternal repercussions -- is infinitely worse than recklessly ignoring the guardrail -- since even the 700 or so foot drop can only take a finite toll on your infinite life.)

On the other hand, there are rabbinic g'zeiros that seem far-fetched.  The mishna (Terumos 8:4) forbids drinking uncovered beverages because of fear that a snake might have taken a drink and left some venom.  There is also a g'zeira not to blow shofar on a Rosh HaShanah that falls on Shabbos because of the fear that someone might forget himself and carry the shofar in the public domain.  Both of these decrees, however, are actually motivated by a deep concern for the sanctity of life -- our Sages made every effort possible to protect every single Jew.  Both are based on a deep understanding of human nature.  Not an inductive supposition based on empirical evidence and human created models of behavior, rather a deductive understanding based on a deep knowledge of the blueprint from which the human psyche was created -- our Torah.

Even if the reason for a decree may not apply to your particular case, the decree remains in force (as explained here).  For example, even if you live in a community with a kosher eiruv, you will not be blowing shofar on a Shabbos Rosh HaShanah.  On the other hand, if the parameters of the decree simply do not apply, then the decree itself never covered that situation.  For example, nowadays we are permitted to drink beverages that were left uncovered overnight because there simply are no snakes in populated areas (Mishnah Berurah 160:23).  I can't stress enough that this is not a leniency in rabbinic decrees nor deciding on our own that a decree is no longer needed; this is simply the result of a careful analysis of the parameters of the decree.

Now let's look at the g'zeira to not perform any curative or even palliative procedures on Shabbos for minor aches and pains.  The source of the decree comes from a concen that one thing will lead to another and person could be lead to grinding the ingredients necessary to produce a new potion or salve on Shabbos.  Therefore, only medical procedures that involve or could involve grinding herbs are included in the decree.  Why, then, are vigorous massages included?  Because, the Mishna Brura explains, the heating of the muscles can also be achieved with salves; hence, the only process gets put into the purview of the decree.  Snuff, on the other hand -- even though it actually is made from ground tobacco -- is not included because it's main function is to produce a mild high and not to alleviate aches and pains.

Sorry for the extra length... I've been really working on understanding this whole topic and I don't have complete clarity.  I need a cup of coffee.

Comments

Popular posts from this blog

Thought for the Day: Love in the Time of Corona Virus/Anxiously Awaiting the Mashiach

Two scenarios: Scenario I: A young boy awakened in the middle of the night, placed in the back of vehicle, told not to make any noise, and the vehicle speeds off down the highway. Scenario II: Young boy playing in park goes to see firetruck, turns around to see scary man in angry pursuit, poised to attack. I experienced and lived through both of those scenarios. Terrifying, no? Actually, no; and my picture was never on a milk carton. Here's the context: Scenario I: We addressed both set of our grandparents as "grandma" and "grandpa". How did we distinguish? One set lived less than a half hour's drive; those were there "close grandma and grandpa". The other set lived five hour drive away; they were the "way far away grandma and grandpa". To make the trip the most pleasant for all of us, Dad would wake up my brother and I at 4:00AM, we'd groggily -- but with excitement! -- wander out and down to the garage where we'd crawl

Thought for the Day: אוושא מילתא Debases Yours Shabbos

My granddaughter came home with a list the girls and phone numbers in her first grade class.  It was cute because they had made it an arts and crafts project by pasting the list to piece of construction paper cut out to look like an old desk phone and a receiver attached by a pipe cleaner.  I realized, though, that the cuteness was entirely lost on her.  She, of course, has never seen a desk phone with a receiver.  When they pretend to talk on the phone, it is on any relatively flat, rectangular object they find.  (In fact, her 18 month old brother turns every  relatively flat, rectangular object into a phone and walks around babbling into it.  Not much different than the rest of us, except his train of thought is not interrupted by someone else babbling into his ear.) I was reminded of that when my chavrusa (who has children my grandchildrens age) and I were learning about אוושא מילתא.  It came up because of a quote from the Shulchan Aruch HaRav that referred to the noise of תקתוק

Thought for the Day: David HaMelech's Five Stages of Finding HaShem In the World

Many of us "sing" (once you have heard what I call carrying a tune, you'll question how I can, in good conscience, use that verb, even with the quotation marks) Eishes Chayil before the Friday night Shabbos meal.  We feel like we are singing the praises of our wives.  In fact, I have also been to chasunas where the chasson proudly (sometimes even tearfully) sings Eishes Chayil to his new eishes chayil.  Beautiful.  Also wrong.  (The sentiments, of course, are not wrong; just a misunderstanding of the intent of the author of these exalted words.) Chazal (TB Brachos, 10a) tell us that when Sholmo HaMelech wrote the words "She opens her mouth Mwith wisdom; the torah of kindness is on her tongue", that he was referring to his father, Dovid HaMelech, who (I am continuing to quote Chazal here) lived in five worlds and sang a song of praise [to each].  It seems to me that "world" here means a perception of reality.  Four times Dovid had to readjust his perc