Skip to main content

Thought for the Day: The Kuzari Begins With Science and Rejects Atheism

These are my notes on learning the Kuzari. This is not a translation nor even a commentary, simply my notes and thoughts.

Synopsis
The Kuzari begins by giving a background story. The king of the Kuzars had dedicated himself to exacting service to G-d according to the strict dictates of his religion. One night an angel came to him in a dream to tell him that G-d was pleased with the king's intentions, but not with his actions. The dreams were persistent, and eventually the king decided that he would have to seek the true path to service of G-d.

With that as a background, the king first turns to a scientist/philosopher. (In those days anyone who pursued a career that was not involved in day to day living was called a philosopher. That eventually divided into natural philosophy -- which became science -- and supernatural philosophy. Hence, my use of the term scientist/philosopher.) The scientist tells him that of course there is a creator; but the creator is not involved in the creation. There is no relationship between creator and created other than cause and effect. Therefore, claims the scientist/philosopher, the highest level of human achievement is to become totally intellect driven (seichel ha'po'el). Never do anything because you feel forced by circumstances... i.e., my intellect is made to serve the physical. Rather the goal is that all actions should taken only upon council of the intellect -- the physical is subjugated to the intellect.

The king politely rejects this argument -- after all, that is precisely what he was doing when the dreams started. Therefore he dismisses the scientist/philosopher and decides to see what the Christians and Moslems have to say. He does not even think about asking the Jews, as they are a small and despised people.

Commentary
I first found it fascinating that the scientist/philosopher of 1000 years ago is presenting this idea of de facto atheism -- that is, that god doesn't interfere with our lives, he is simply rendered irrelevant other than as a historical curiosity -- as a modern idea. I had grown up thinking that this was a rather neat idea of our modern times! There really is nothing new under the sun; religion is always considered old-fashioned, and science (with grudging accommodation for a creator) is considered modern.

One additional and related comment -- why the need for the dream sequence altogether. I think that the problem being addressed is that there is no logical argument against the scientist/philosopher's position. One can do no experiment to prove him wrong, and it sounds very, very reasonable. The only answer to him is that we know he is wrong. There is right and wrong, absolute right and wrong. I may not know all the details, nor can I prove my position, but I know it none-the-less. I think the Kuzari may be telling us that one should start his exploration of reality by searching inward. We do have an inner voice, but we can only hear it after serious work to be sure we know ourselves and our mission. And then after that, we must seek outward; for spiritual truth cannot be made up anymore than physical reality. Reality is what it is. One cannot know reality by pondering made up fancies; one can only know reality by gather data and then pondering the implications.

Comments

Yehudi said…
Great post! I love reading through your blog because it's always intellectually stimulating...
I started a new blog that's connected to Jewish Pride and I'd like to invite you over to check it out. Let me know what you think!

Popular posts from this blog

Thought for the Day: Love in the Time of Corona Virus/Anxiously Awaiting the Mashiach

Two scenarios: Scenario I: A young boy awakened in the middle of the night, placed in the back of vehicle, told not to make any noise, and the vehicle speeds off down the highway. Scenario II: Young boy playing in park goes to see firetruck, turns around to see scary man in angry pursuit, poised to attack. I experienced and lived through both of those scenarios. Terrifying, no? Actually, no; and my picture was never on a milk carton. Here's the context: Scenario I: We addressed both set of our grandparents as "grandma" and "grandpa". How did we distinguish? One set lived less than a half hour's drive; those were there "close grandma and grandpa". The other set lived five hour drive away; they were the "way far away grandma and grandpa". To make the trip the most pleasant for all of us, Dad would wake up my brother and I at 4:00AM, we'd groggily -- but with excitement! -- wander out and down to the garage where we'd crawl

Thought for the Day: אוושא מילתא Debases Yours Shabbos

My granddaughter came home with a list the girls and phone numbers in her first grade class.  It was cute because they had made it an arts and crafts project by pasting the list to piece of construction paper cut out to look like an old desk phone and a receiver attached by a pipe cleaner.  I realized, though, that the cuteness was entirely lost on her.  She, of course, has never seen a desk phone with a receiver.  When they pretend to talk on the phone, it is on any relatively flat, rectangular object they find.  (In fact, her 18 month old brother turns every  relatively flat, rectangular object into a phone and walks around babbling into it.  Not much different than the rest of us, except his train of thought is not interrupted by someone else babbling into his ear.) I was reminded of that when my chavrusa (who has children my grandchildrens age) and I were learning about אוושא מילתא.  It came up because of a quote from the Shulchan Aruch HaRav that referred to the noise of תקתוק

Thought for the Day: David HaMelech's Five Stages of Finding HaShem In the World

Many of us "sing" (once you have heard what I call carrying a tune, you'll question how I can, in good conscience, use that verb, even with the quotation marks) Eishes Chayil before the Friday night Shabbos meal.  We feel like we are singing the praises of our wives.  In fact, I have also been to chasunas where the chasson proudly (sometimes even tearfully) sings Eishes Chayil to his new eishes chayil.  Beautiful.  Also wrong.  (The sentiments, of course, are not wrong; just a misunderstanding of the intent of the author of these exalted words.) Chazal (TB Brachos, 10a) tell us that when Sholmo HaMelech wrote the words "She opens her mouth Mwith wisdom; the torah of kindness is on her tongue", that he was referring to his father, Dovid HaMelech, who (I am continuing to quote Chazal here) lived in five worlds and sang a song of praise [to each].  It seems to me that "world" here means a perception of reality.  Four times Dovid had to readjust his perc